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Critical 2 vendors · 2 advisories

CVE-2026-90436: Apache Axis 1.x (EOL): unauthenticated remote class instantiation via SOAP fault exceptionName

CVE-2026-90436 key facts

CISA KEV
Not listed (catalogue checked )
Highest advisory rating
Critical
CVSS base score
9.3 (Atlassian)
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H · base score 9.8, scored by CISA-ADPAttack vector: network. Attack complexity: low. Privileges required: none. User interaction: none. Scope: unchanged. Confidentiality impact: high. Integrity impact: high. Availability impact: high.
Weakness
  • CWE-470 Use of Externally-Controlled input to select classes or code ('unsafe reflection')
EPSS
0.57% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (47th percentile). FIRST EPSS, .
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: none observed. Automatable: yes. Technical impact: total. CISA, .
Fixed releases
  • Apache: 41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd
  • Atlassian: Confluence Data Center: 9.2.28
Vendor advisories
2 from Apache, Atlassian
Assigned by
apache (CNA)
CVE record published
Listed by VulniPulse
Record changed

Ratings, versions and fixes are quoted from the vendor advisories that cover only CVE-2026-90436; each belongs to its advisory, not to every product listed. How records are collected and checked.

Description

** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** Deserialization of an inbound SOAP fault in Apache Axis 1.x allows unauthenticated remote class instantiation. When a SOAP <Fault> carries a <detail><exceptionName> element, Axis loads the named class and, if a String <data> element is also present, instantiates it through its String constructor before checking that it is an AxisFault. Loading alone runs the class's static initializer. With a suitable class on the application's classpath this leads to remote code execution. The fault is parsed while the engine resolves the target service, before any per-service handler chain runs, so authentication handlers configured on a service do not protect against it. This affects all Apache Axis 1.x versions through 1.4. As Axis 1 has been EOL we recommend you migrate to a different SOAP engine, such as Apache Axis 2/Java. Alternatively you could use a build of Axis with the patch from https://github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd applied. The Apache Axis project does not expect to create an Axis 1.x release fixing this problem.

Text from the CVE.org record (apache).

How do I fix CVE-2026-90436?

Upgrade to a fixed release named by the vendor:

  • Apache: 41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd
  • Atlassian: Confluence Data Center: 9.2.28
  • As Axis 1 has been EOL we recommend you migrate to a different SOAP engine, such as Apache Axis 2/Java. (Apache)
  • Alternatively you could use a build of Axis with the patch from applied. (Apache)
  • Upgrade to a fixed version listed by Atlassian: Confluence Data Center: 9.2.28. (Atlassian)

Vendor advisories for CVE-2026-90436

Apache

1 advisory
  • Advisory severityCritical

    Critical [CVE-2026-90436] Apache Axis 1.x (EOL): unauthenticated remote class instantiation via SOAP fault exceptionName

    CVE-2026-90436Source published Source updated

    - * UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** Deserialization of an inbound SOAP fault in Apache Axis 1.x allows unauthenticated remote class instantiation. When a SOAP carries a element, Axis loads the named class and, if a String element is also present, instantiates it through its String constructor before checking that it is an AxisFault. Loading alone runs the class's static initializer. With a suitable class on the application's classpath this leads to remote code execution. The fault is parsed while the engine resolves the target service, before any per-service handler chain runs, so authentication handlers configured on a service do not protect against it. This affects all Apache Axis 1.x versions through 1.4. As Axis 1 has been EOL we recommend you migrate to a different SOAP engine, such as…

    Affected products in this advisory
    • Apache Axis
    Source-reported affected versions
    • Apache Axis 1.x (EOL) through 1.4
    • Apache Axis 1.x (EOL) aac718c6035435d96b39d6aebb9c078a13af7cc8 before 41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd
    Source-reported fixed versions
    • 41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd
    Mitigation guidance
    • As Axis 1 has been EOL we recommend you migrate to a different SOAP engine, such as Apache Axis 2/Java.
    • Alternatively you could use a build of Axis with the patch from https://github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd applied.
    Full advisory and evidenceOpen source bulletin

Atlassian

1 advisory
  • Advisory severityCritical9.3

    Critical [CVE-2026-90436] Remote Code Execution in Confluence Data Center

    CVE-2026-90436Source published

    Confluence utilizes a third-party library Apache Axis as part of its XML-RPC and SOAP APIs. Apache Axis has published a critical vulnerability (CVE-2026-90436) that allows remote code execution. To be vulnerable, the Confluence instance must have the ‘Remote API (XML-RPC & SOAP)’ enabled. Please note that this setting was turned off by default for new installations starting in Confluence 3.0. This feature was fully removed in Confluence 10.0. Affected product named by the advisory: Confluence Data Center.

    Affected products in this advisory
    • Confluence Data Center
    Source-reported affected versions
    • Confluence Data Center: 1.x.x
    • Confluence Data Center: 2.x.x
    • Confluence Data Center: 3.x.x
    • Confluence Data Center: 4.x.x

    5 more entries in the full advisory.

    Source-reported fixed versions
    • Confluence Data Center: 9.2.28
    Mitigation guidance
    • Upgrade to a fixed version listed by Atlassian: Confluence Data Center: 9.2.28.
    Full advisory and evidenceOpen source bulletin

References

Timeline

  1. CVE record published
  2. First vendor advisory listed by VulniPulse
  3. CVE record last updated

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