Red Hat Linux Security Advisories & CVEs
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Latest Red Hat advisories
Medium [CVE-2026-72332] Prevent PM resume deadlock in hwctx_sync_debug_bo
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/amdxdna: Prevent PM resume deadlock in hwctx_sync_debug_bo() amdxdna_hwctx_sync_debug_bo() invokes the hardware hwctx_sync_debug_bo() callback while holding xdna->dev_lock. The callback may call amdxdna_cmd_submit(), which in turn calls amdxdna_pm_resume_get(). If the device is suspended, amdxdna_pm_resume_get() may synchronously execute amdxdna_pm_resume(), which also acquires xdna->dev_lock, resulting in a deadlock. Avoid the deadlock by calling amdxdna_pm_resume_get() before holding xdna->dev_lock in both amdxdna_hwctx_sync_debug_bo() and amdxdna_drm_config_hwctx_ioctl() A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's AMD XDNA accelerator driver. A local attacker could trigger a deadlock condition during power management resume operations. This occurs when a hardware context synchronization function attempts to acquire a lock that is already held, leading to a system freeze. This vulnerability could result in a Denial of Service (DoS) for the affected system. The flaw affects only availability; there is no impact to confidentiality or integrity (Red Hat CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, severity moderate).
Medium [CVE-2026-72203] skip extent mft records in writeback to prevent deadlock
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ntfs: skip extent mft records in writeback to prevent deadlock This patch fixes the ABBA deadlock between extent_lock and extent mrec_lock triggered by xfstests generic/113, that occurs since the commit 6994acf33bae ("ntfs: use base mft_no when looking up base inode for extent record"). Path A (inode writeback): VFS writeback -> ntfs_write_inode() -> __ntfs_write_inode() -> mutex_lock(&ni->extent_lock) -> mutex_lock(&tni->mrec_lock) Path B (MFT folio writeback): VFS writeback of $MFT dirty folios -> ntfs_mft_writepages() -> ntfs_write_mft_block() -> ntfs_may_write_mft_record() -> holds one extent mrec_lock from a previous iteration -> tries to acquire another base inode extent_lock By removing all extent_lock and extent mrec_lock acquisition from the MFT folio writeback path, the ABBA lock ordering is eliminated: Path A: __ntfs_write_inode(): extent_lock -> mrec_lock Path B (removed): ntfs_write_mft_block(): mrec_lock -> extent_lock Path B is always redundant for extent records because: 1. mark_mft_record_dirty(ext_ni) does NOT dirty the MFT folio. It only sets NInoDirty(ext_ni) and marks the base VFS inode dirty via __mark_inode_dirty(I_DIRTY_DATASYNC), which triggers Path A. Therefore, normal extent modifications never create a situation where the MFT folio is dirty and Path B is not scheduled. 2.
Medium [CVE-2026-72134] reconfigure for PIO when DMA cannot be started
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: imx: reconfigure for PIO when DMA cannot be started When spi_imx_can_dma() selects DMA, the ECSPI is configured for DMA: spi_imx_setupxfer() sets CTRL.SMC and clears dynamic_burst, and spi_imx_dma_transfer() programs the dynamic-burst BURST_LENGTH and the SDMA watermarks. If the DMA descriptor cannot be prepared (dmaengine_prep_slave_single() returns NULL), the transfer is failed with SPI_TRANS_FAIL_NO_START and falls back to PIO. The dynamic-burst DMA path uses its own bounce buffers instead of the SPI core's mapping, so xfer->{tx,rx}_sg_mapped are not set and the core's DMA->PIO retry is skipped; the driver falls back to PIO internally. But none of the DMA-mode configuration is undone, so the PIO transfer runs with CTRL.SMC set, the wrong burst length and dynamic_burst cleared, and the transferred data is corrupted. This is easily hit on i.MX8MP boards that describe ECSPI DMA in the device tree but run SDMA on ROM firmware (no external sdma-imx7d.bin): every ECSPI DMA prepare fails. An Infineon SLB9670 TPM on ECSPI1 then returns shifted TPM2_GetCapability data, is flagged "field failure mode", /dev/tpmrm0 is never created. Set controller->fallback before re-running spi_imx_setupxfer() so the ECSPI is reconfigured exactly like a normal PIO transfer.
Medium [CVE-2026-72131] Prevent shared tags across queues on Apple A11
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme-apple: Prevent shared tags across queues on Apple A11 On Apple A11, tags of pending commands must be unique across the admin and IO queues, else the firmware crashes with "duplicate tag error for tag N", with N being the tag. Apply the existing workaround for M1 of reserving two tags for the admin queue to A11. This vulnerability occurs when Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) command tags are not unique across the administrative and input/output queues. An attacker could exploit this by sending specially crafted commands, leading to a firmware crash and resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS) for the affected system. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-694. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.
Medium [CVE-2026-72133] Fix completion initialization order before devm_request_irq
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: uniphier: Fix completion initialization order before devm_request_irq() The driver calls devm_request_irq() before initializing the completion used by the interrupt handler. Because the interrupt may occur immediately after devm_request_irq(), the handler may execute before init_completion(). This may result in calling complete() on an uninitialized completion, causing undefined behavior. This has been observed with KASAN. The driver attempts to use an internal synchronization mechanism before it has been properly set up. If an interrupt occurs at a precise moment, the system may try to operate on this uninitialized mechanism, leading to unpredictable system behavior. This could result in system instability or a denial of service. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-908. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.
Medium [CVE-2026-72132] Charge unstable writes by request size, not folio size
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFS: Charge unstable writes by request size, not folio size nfs_folio_mark_unstable() and nfs_folio_clear_commit() charge and uncharge NR_WRITEBACK/WB_WRITEBACK by folio_nr_pages(folio) once per *request* added to or removed from a commit list. This is correct only when a folio has a single associated request. When pg_test splits a folio into N sub-folio requests (e.g. pNFS flexfiles striping with a stripe unit smaller than the folio size, or plain wsize-limited splitting), each of the N requests independently charges the whole folio's page count, inflating the accounting by a factor of N per folio. With large folios and small stripe units this reaches multiple orders of magnitude: a 2 MiB folio split into 512 4 KiB requests can charge up to 512x its real size, pushing global dirty+writeback accounting past the system's dirty threshold and forcing every buffered writer on the host into the hard-throttle path, including unrelated in-kernel NFS server threads sharing the box. Charge each request only for the pages it actually covers. A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's Network File System (NFS) component. The `nfs_folio_mark_unstable()` and `nfs_folio_clear_commit()` functions incorrectly account for unstable writes, charging the full folio size for each sub-folio request.
Medium [CVE-2026-72146] Move interrupt request after everything is set up
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: sh: rz-dmac: Move interrupt request after everything is set up Once the interrupt is requested, the interrupt handler may run immediately. Since the IRQ handler can access channel->ch_base, which is initialized only after requesting the IRQ, this may lead to invalid memory access. Likewise, the IRQ thread may access uninitialized data (the ld_free, ld_queue, and ld_active lists), which may also lead to issues. To keep the error path simpler, use dmam_alloc_coherent() instead of dma_alloc_coherent(). A race condition exists where an interrupt handler or thread may attempt to access uninitialized data structures immediately after an interrupt is requested but before proper initialization. This can lead to invalid memory access, potentially causing system instability or denial of service. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-824. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.
Medium [CVE-2026-72175] fix make_uffd_wp_huge_pte prot-update race
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/proc/task_mmu: fix make_uffd_wp_huge_pte() prot-update race Patch series "userfaultfd/pagemap: pre-existing fixes". These are pre-existing bug fixes that were carried at the front of the userfaultfd RWP working-set-tracking series up to v5 [1]. Per review feedback that fixes should not sit in the middle of a feature series, they are split out and sent on their own; the RWP series is reposted rebased on top of this. All six were flagged by the Sashiko AI review of the RWP series and carry independent of RWP, apply to mm-new directly, and carry Cc: stable@. 1: fs/proc/task_mmu: a missing huge_ptep_modify_prot_start() in make_uffd_wp_huge_pte() can lose hardware Dirty/Accessed updates when PAGEMAP_SCAN write-protects a hugetlb PTE. 2: fs/proc/task_mmu: pagemap_scan_hugetlb_entry() compares the range against HPAGE_SIZE rather than the hstate page size, so it never write-protects gigantic hugetlb pages. 3: fs/proc/task_mmu: PAGEMAP_SCAN with PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING over an unpopulated hugetlb range self-deadlocks -- pagemap_scan_pte_hole() calls uffd_wp_range() while walk_hugetlb_range() holds the hugetlb vma lock for read, and hugetlb_change_protection() then takes it for write. Install the marker inline instead.
Medium [CVE-2026-72254] reject fib expression on the netdev egress hook
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_fib: reject fib expression on the netdev egress hook A fib expression in a netdev egress base chain dereferences nft_in(pkt), NULL on the transmit path, causing a NULL pointer dereference at eval. nft_fib_validate() masks the hook with NF_INET_* values, but netdev hook numbers are a separate enum that aliases them (NF_NETDEV_EGRESS == NF_INET_LOCAL_IN), so an egress chain passes validation and then faults. Add nft_fib_netdev_validate() that limits each result/flag to the netdev hook where the device it reads exists: the input-device cases (OIF, OIFNAME, ADDRTYPE with F_IIF) to ingress, the output-device case (ADDRTYPE with F_OIF) to egress, ADDRTYPE with no device flag to both. Also restrict nft_fib_validate() to NFPROTO_IPV4/IPV6/INET so its NF_INET_* masks are not applied to another family's hooks. This can lead to a NULL pointer dereference, causing a system crash and resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). Red Hat severity: Low — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-476. Affected Red Hat products: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9. Red Hat does not currently list a fixing RHSA for this CVE. Affected products named by the advisory: Red Hat package: kernel-rt.
Medium [CVE-2026-72197] bound DeleteIndexEntryAllocation memmove length
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: bound DeleteIndexEntryAllocation memmove length In do_action()'s DeleteIndexEntryAllocation case, e->size comes from an on-disk INDEX_BUFFER entry. When e->size makes e + e->size point past hdr + hdr->used, PtrOffset(e1, Add2Ptr(hdr, used)) returns a negative ptrdiff_t that is silently cast to a quasi-infinite size_t when passed to memmove(). The memmove then walks past the destination buffer. The sibling DeleteIndexEntryRoot case at fslog.c:3540-3543 already carries the corresponding guard: if (PtrOffset(e1, Add2Ptr(hdr, used)) Add2Ptr(lrh, rec_len) || used + esize > le32_to_cpu(hdr->total)) { goto dirty_vol; } Apply the same shape to the allocation-path case. Also reject esize == 0: memmove(e, e,...) is a no-op and leaves hdr->used unchanged, hiding a malformed entry from the existing check_index_header() walk. Reproduced under UML+KASAN on mainline 8d90b09e6741 by mounting a crafted NTFS image: the unguarded memmove takes a length of 0xffffffffffffff00 and the kernel oopses in memmove+0x81/0x1a0 on the do_action+0x36a2 frame. [almaz.alexandrovich@paragon-software.com: clang-formatted the changes] A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's NTFS3 file system driver. A local attacker can exploit this vulnerability by mounting a specially crafted NTFS image.
Medium [CVE-2026-72299] restrict socket queue dumps in enqueue tracepoints
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: restrict socket queue dumps in enqueue tracepoints tipc_sk_enqueue() runs with sk->sk_lock.slock held while the socket is owned by user context. The spinlock protects the backlog queue in this path, but it does not serialize against the socket owner consuming or purging sk_receive_queue. Affected products named by the advisory: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9; Red Hat package: kernel-rt.
Medium [CVE-2026-72158] add bounds check in dfh_get_param_size
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fpga: dfl: add bounds check in dfh_get_param_size() dfh_get_param_size() can return a parameter size larger than the feature region because the loop bounds check is evaluated before incrementing size. If the EOP (End of Parameters) bit is set in the same iteration, the inflated size is returned without re-validation against max. This can cause create_feature_instance() to call memcpy_fromio() with a size exceeding the ioremap'd region when a malicious FPGA device provides crafted DFHv1 parameter headers. Add a bounds check after the size increment to ensure the accumulated size never exceeds the feature boundary. A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's FPGA Dynamic Function Link (DFL) subsystem. This incorrect size can lead to a memory corruption vulnerability when data is copied, potentially resulting in a denial of service (DoS) for the system. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-805. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.
Medium [CVE-2026-72156] fix zero header_size OOB read in mpf_ops_parse_header
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fpga: microchip-spi: fix zero header_size OOB read in mpf_ops_parse_header() mpf_ops_parse_header() reads header_size from the bitstream at MPF_HEADER_SIZE_OFFSET (24). When header_size is zero, the expression *(buf + header_size - 1) reads one byte before the buffer start. Since initial_header_size is set to 71 in mpf_ops, the fpga-mgr core guarantees the buffer is large enough to reach MPF_HEADER_SIZE_OFFSET. The only real gap is the zero header_size case, which cannot be resolved by providing a larger buffer, so return -EINVAL. A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's microchip-spi Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) module. This vulnerability occurs in the `mpf_ops_parse_header()` function when processing a bitstream. If a crafted bitstream sets the `header_size` to zero, the function attempts to read data from memory before the allocated buffer, leading to an out-of-bounds read. This could potentially allow a local attacker to gain access to sensitive information or cause a denial of service. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-125. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.
Medium [CVE-2026-72145] use cleanup helpers in mem_write
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: platform/x86/intel/tpmi: use cleanup helpers in mem_write() In mem_write(), the temporary array returned by parse_int_array_user() must be released on all exit paths. Convert the array variable to use cleanup.h scope-based cleanup so it is freed automatically on return. This also moves the array declaration next to parse_int_array_user() as required by cleanup.h usage guidelines. This vulnerability occurs due to improper memory deallocation within the mem_write() function, where a temporary array was not consistently released on all exit paths. This could lead to a memory leak, potentially impacting system stability or resource availability over time. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-772. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.
Medium [CVE-2026-72257] fix NULL pointer dereference in graph_callback
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: qcom: q6apm: fix NULL pointer dereference in graph_callback When q6apm_free_fragments() is called it frees rx_data.buf/tx_data.buf and sets them to NULL under graph->lock. A late DSP buffer-done response can race with this: graph_callback() passes the!graph->ar_graph guard (not yet NULL), acquires the lock, but then dereferences a now-NULL buf pointer to read buf[token].phys, crashing at virtual address 0x10. Add a NULL check for buf inside the mutex-protected section in both the write-done (DATA_CMD_RSP_WR_SH_MEM_EP_DATA_BUFFER_DONE_V2) and read-done (DATA_CMD_RSP_RD_SH_MEM_EP_DATA_BUFFER_V2) handlers and bail out cleanly if buffers have already been freed. This problem is only shown up recently while apr bus was updated to process the commands per service rather from single global queue. A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's ASoC (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture System on Chip) qcom q6apm component. A race condition can occur when the q6apm_free_fragments() function frees audio buffers while graph_callback() attempts to access a freed buffer due to a late Digital Signal Processor (DSP) response. This can lead to a NULL pointer dereference, causing the system to crash and resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). Red Hat severity: Low — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
Medium [CVE-2026-72196] bound copy_lcns dp->page_lcns index in analysis pass
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: bound copy_lcns dp->page_lcns[] index in analysis pass In log_replay()'s analysis pass, after find_dp() returns a valid DIR_PAGE_ENTRY for the (target_attr, target_vcn) tuple, the copy_lcns block walks lrh->lcns_follow further entries: t16 = le16_to_cpu(lrh->lcns_follow); for (i = 0; i target_vcn) - le64_to_cpu(dp->vcn)); dp->page_lcns[j + i] = lrh->page_lcns[i]; } find_dp() only validates that target_vcn falls within [dp->vcn, dp->vcn + dp->lcns_follow), i.e., that the FIRST cluster is covered. The walk through the further entries is not bounded against dp->lcns_follow. For a malformed LRH where target_vcn = dp->vcn + dp->lcns_follow - 1 and lrh->lcns_follow > 1, the i > 0 writes overflow the dp's allocated page_lcns[] array. Add the missing j + lrh->lcns_follow lcns_follow guard. Reproduced under UML+KASAN on mainline 8d90b09e6741 as a slab-out-of-bounds write of size 8 from log_replay+0x68d4 on the mount path. This is distinct from Pavitra Jha's 2026-05-02 patch ("fs/ntfs3: validate lcns_follow in log_replay conversion", ) which addresses the separate version-0 dirty-page-table conversion path's memmove(&dp->vcn,...) call.
Medium [CVE-2026-72191] validate split-point offset in indx_insert_into_buffer
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ntfs3: validate split-point offset in indx_insert_into_buffer indx_insert_into_buffer() computes used = used1 - to_copy - sp_size; memmove(de_t, Add2Ptr(sp, sp_size), used - le32_to_cpu(hdr1->de_off)); where sp and sp_size come from hdr_find_split(). hdr_find_split() walks entries by le16_to_cpu(e->size) without validating that each step stays within hdr->used or that the size field is at least sizeof(struct NTFS_DE). index_hdr_check(), the on-load gatekeeper, only validates header-level fields (used, total, de_off) and does not walk per-entry sizes. A crafted NTFS image whose leaf INDEX_HDR reports used == total but contains one interior NTFS_DE with size = 0xFFF0 therefore passes validation, descends to indx_insert_into_buffer() through the ntfs_create() -> indx_insert_entry() path, and makes hdr_find_split() return an sp whose sp_size (0xFFF0) greatly exceeds the remaining bytes in the buffer. The u32 subtraction underflows and the memmove count becomes a near-4-GiB value, producing an out-of-bounds kernel write that corrupts adjacent allocations and panics the kernel. Reproduced on 7.0.0-rc7 with UML + KASAN via a crafted image and a single 'touch' inside the mounted directory; crash site resolves to fs/ntfs3/index.c at the memmove.
Medium [CVE-2026-72312] fix VF bringup affecting PF promiscuous state
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: octeontx2-af: fix VF bringup affecting PF promiscuous state Mbox handling of nix_set_rx_mode for a VF with promiscuous and all_multi flags set to false causes deletion of the PF's promiscuous and allmulti MCAM rules. This occurs because the APIs that enable/disable these rules operate only on the PF, even when the mbox request is made via a VF interface. Guard both rvu_npc_enable_allmulti_entry() and rvu_npc_enable_promisc_entry() disable paths with an is_vf() check so that a VF bringing up or tearing down its interface cannot inadvertently clear the PF's MCAM rules. A Virtual Function (VF), which is a virtualized network interface, can inadvertently disable the promiscuous and all-multicast (all_multi) modes of the Physical Function (PF) network interface. This occurs because the underlying application programming interfaces (APIs) that control these modes operate globally on the PF, even when a request originates from a VF. An attacker with control over a VF could potentially disrupt network traffic monitoring or multicast communication on the PF, leading to a denial of service or information disclosure. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-266. Affected Red Hat products: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.
Medium [CVE-2026-72324] free generic chips on unbind
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: mvebu: free generic chips on unbind irq_alloc_domain_generic_chips() allocates generic chip data that must be freed via irq_domain_remove_generic_chips(). The devres action mvebu_gpio_remove_irq_domain() only called irq_domain_remove(), which only frees the generic chips if IRQ_DOMAIN_FLAG_DESTROY_GC is set. Call irq_domain_remove_generic_chips() explicitly before irq_domain_remove() instead. A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's Marvell EBU (mvebu) General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) driver. The driver fails to properly free allocated generic chip data when an interrupt domain is removed during the unbind process. This oversight can lead to a resource leak, which may impact system stability or performance over time. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-772. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.
Medium [CVE-2026-72180] preserve pmd_swp_uffd_wp on device-private PMD downgrade
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/huge_memory: preserve pmd_swp_uffd_wp on device-private PMD downgrade change_non_present_huge_pmd() rewrites a writable device-private PMD swap entry into a readable one without carrying pmd_swp_uffd_wp() across. The PTE-level change_softleaf_pte() does this correctly; mirror that here, matching what copy_huge_pmd() does for the fork path. Without the carry, a plain mprotect() over a UFFD_WP-marked device-private THP strips the bit and the trap is bypassed on swap-in. A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's huge memory management (mm/huge_memory). When a device-private Page Middle Directory (PMD) is downgraded, the pmd_swp_uffd_wp bit, which indicates Userfault File Descriptor Write Protect (UFFD_WP), is not properly preserved. This oversight allows a local attacker to bypass write protection mechanisms by performing an mprotect() operation over a UFFD_WP-marked device-private Transparent Huge Page (THP), potentially leading to unauthorized memory modifications. Red Hat severity: Moderate — CVSS 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Weakness: CWE-281. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8; Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 as not affected.